Independent AI Observatory

Artificial intelligence, with context.

Explore models, discover tools and understand the advances that are changing technology.

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01 / NEWS

What matters, explained

See all the news ↗
How to Audit AI-Generated SQL Before Using It Verified analysis

How to Audit AI-Generated SQL Before Using It

A query can run without errors and still calculate a metric incorrectly. This protocol explains how to inspect joins, filters and aggregations, test in a controlled environment, and compare results with known references.

Primary sourcesVerified
03 / MODELS

A comparable view

Select up to three models to contrast their orientation and modalities.

OVERIFIED · 16 SEP 2026
OPENAI

GPT‑6 Astra

Generalist frontier model oriented towards complex tasks, use of tools and highly demanding professional work.

TextImage
Model type
Text and reasoning
Access
Paid proprietary
Profile
Generalist frontier
State
Available
View profile →
AVERIFIED · 16 SEP 2026
ANTHROPIC

Claude Opus 5

Model oriented to code and knowledge work, with controls that allow effort to be adjusted to each task.

TextImage
Model type
Text and reasoning
Access
Paid proprietary
Profile
Knowledge and code
State
Asset
View profile →
GVERIFIED · 16 SEP 2026
GOOGLE

Gemini 3.8 Flash

Flash model for long-running software engineering, autonomous agents, and complex business flows.

TextImageVideoAudio
Model type
Text and reasoning
Access
Paid proprietary
Profile
Fast multimodal
State
Stable GA
View profile →
OVERIFIED · 16 SEP 2026
OPENAI

GPT‑5.6 Sol

Complex work, coding, and tool-using agents.

TextImage
Model type
Text and reasoning
Access
Paid proprietary
Profile
Generalist frontier
State
Available
View profile →
OVERIFIED · 16 SEP 2026
OPENAI

GPT‑5.6 Terra

Tasks requiring a balance of quality, speed, and cost.

TextImage
Model type
Text and reasoning
Access
Paid proprietary
Profile
Cost/capability balance
State
Available
View profile →
OVERIFIED · 16 SEP 2026
OPENAI

GPT‑5.6 Luna

High volume, subagents, and structured extraction.

TextImage
Model type
Text and reasoning
Access
Paid proprietary
Profile
High efficiency
State
Available
View profile →

i Profiles show their verification date and always link to the primary source. Missing data is never inferred.

Models (100) ↗
FEATURED GUIDE

How to choose a local model without blindly buying hardware

Memory, quantization, context and speed: a practical route to fit the model to the computer and not the other way around.

01 Defines the use02 Measure memory03 Evaluate quality
Read full guide ↗
05 / EVOLUTION

From chat to systems that act

An editorial reading of how the product focus has changed. It is not a benchmark: it summarizes recurring capabilities in the official announcements analyzed.

Consolidated capacityEmerging focus
06 / USE CASES

Decide from the problem

Each route connects a need with evaluation criteria, not with a specific brand.

01PRODUCT TEAMS

Analyze feedback without losing traceability

Privacy, long context and citations as minimum criteria.

View relevant criteria →
02DEVELOPMENT

Maintain a large repository

Understanding the code, tools and automatic verification.

Compare capabilities →
03SENSITIVE ENVIRONMENTS

Process documents without sending them to the cloud

Local memory, quantization and control of the environment.

Open local AI guide →